Trying to run Firefox on Pi with exec node and SSH - Error: no DISPLAY environment variable specified

My bad.

You've not chosen an easy approach and I'd question whether you are getting any benefit at all from using Docker for Node-RED? But if you really have to do it that way, first you will have to have a method for safely accessing the host from the container - I have to assume that you've done that?

Then the command you run on the host has to be prefixed with setting the display environment variable.