I quickly tested it again.
nodered runs on a raspberry with the following docker image "nodered/node-red-dev:v3.0.0-beta.4". If I switch to it I can only see the node-red logo on my m1 mac's browsers, a virtual intel mac browser and my virtual windows browser.
as soon as I delete my former settings.js and node-red establishes a new one, everything works on all maschines and browsers.