I have the same workflow. Dev on W10 and deploy on Debian.
If your uibuilder files are in the default location then if you've copied your ~/.node-red/ userDir folder, you've already copied your uibuilder files.
I use VSCode remote SSH to edit my live uibuilder front-end code files and use it all the time. But you can certainly copy them over manually. Or even use GitHub or similar source control if you really want to. Generally, the uibuilder websites on my home automation server aren't terribly complex. I'll sometimes do a quick tweak using uibuilder's editor but mostly use VSCode remote editor.
There is nothing special about uibuilder's front-end code, that is one of the points of uibuilder - that you can use standard web development tooling.
