Most odd. I can certainly add a polyfill to try to see if that fixes it for you, though if it's not that then I'm sure then there will be something else ES6 that with trip up IE11 - but yes I can't see it in any of the main dashboard code. Any chance you can use/try the Edge browser ?
I've pushed a version to master on github for you to try. Install into your Node-RED user directory as
npm i node-red/node-red-dashboard