For general debugging, we do have a debug view of the widgets. Detail is available here:
For server-side debugging though, you're best off setting up a development environment by following the instructions here
For debugging, unfortunately we don't have many more advanced techniques setup other than a lot of console.log
spamming in ui-base
where you want to see what's going on. We don't have trace-levels auto built in that'll spit out the extra detail you're after.