Home heating time remaining

You may need to clarify the maths used.

Though I don't get what you have, if you express it as a problem (an old term used when talking to children to create a scenario that needs solving) it shouldn't be hard to resolve.

So, there is an input:
boiler has gone out

I don't get the next part:

Temperature and buffer full are not related.

Anyway, so my take is something like this:

boiler off --> Enable timer loop.

Timer loop --> (every 10 seconds?) --> Read temperature. (Don't know why)

Get temperature --> check if it is a value --> act on it if it is needing.

But you will have to put more details in that.